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Folkdance Footnotes
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1. Who are the “Folk” in Folk Dancing?
2. What Is Dance? Why Do We Dance? Why Do I Dance?
About the Balkans, Anatolia, & the Levant
Dick Crum on Dance Categories
Folk Dancers, Type 1 of 3. – Traditional
Folk Dancers, Type 2 of 3. – Performing
Hora – Romania
How Balkan 'folk dances' are made – "Arranged Folklore"
The Most Important Folk Dances
The Taproot Dance – T-6
The Taproot Family; T-4, T-6, T-8, T-7A, T-9A, T-11A
Uneven Walking – The Other Basic Dance Pattern – S,Q,Q; Q,Q,S; Q,S; S,Q; S,S,Q,Q,S;
Why do North & West European Folk Cultures have mostly partner dances, while South East Europe has hardly any?
CLOTHING
0. A Few Words about Costume, by Dick Crum
1. Fringe – Much More than Frill
2. Cloth, A Brief History
3. From Cloth to Clothing
4. Tunic – the first stitched clothing is still with us.
5. Embroidery – Decoration or Magic?
Karagouna costume
Symbolism in Ukrainian Embroidery
Those Baggy Trousers – Bosnia
Zeybek costume
CULTURE
ETHNICITY, HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY
1st Europeans
Albanians/Illyrians/Shqiptar
Anatolia vs. Turkey
Ankara; History, Dances, and Fauna
Armenians
Assyrians
Banat region – Romania, Serbia, Hungary
Bulgarians
Christians in the Middle East
Cilicia, Kilikya, Կիլիկյան, – Assyrian, Armenian, Turkish
Dick Crum Culture Session 1980
Dobrudja, Dobrogea
Gagauz – Moldova, Greece, Bulgaria, Ukraine
Galatians – Celts in Anatolia
Georgia/Sakartvelo/საქართველო
Greeks/Hellenes
Gypsy (Romani) Encounters, 1929, by Walter Starkie
Hemshin/Hamshen- Armenians/Turks
Jews – Mizrahi, Sephardim, Ashkenazi
Kanun and Bloodfeud – North Albania
Karamanlides – Turks or Greeks?
Kefi – the Greek passion for enjoyment
Koutsovlachs, Arvaniti, Karagoúni, Sarakatsán – Greek Shepherds
Kurdistan
Kurds
Languages – Indo-European
Languages – Uralic & Turkic
Languages – Semitic
Macedonians
Maramureș, Romania & Ukraine, updated
Pannonia-Carpathian Basin-Hungarian Plain
Peloponnese, Πελοπόννησος and its Dances
Pontus – Pontic Greeks
Purity, Blood, Women, Midwives and Milk in Maramureș
Roma (Gypsy) Culture’s Central Value – Marime
Roma or Gypsies – Why 2 names and where do they come from?
Romania Regions
Romanians & Vlachs
Romanians – Origins of the People and the Language
Slavs
Slovaks and Slovakia
Slovenia or Slavonia?
Strandja, Strandža – Bulgaria & Turkey
Thrace
Transylvania/Erdély/Ardeal – Romania
Tsakonia, Peloponnese – Greece
Turks – Who are they & How did they get to Anatolia?
Women who become men: Northern Albania’s Sworn Virgins (Burrnesha)
SPECIAL OCCASIONS
1.CALENDAR – Special Occasions in the Yearly Cycle
Birthday, Name Day, & Slava
Budni Vecher – the South Slav Pagan Christmas. Part 1 – Badnjak & Bûdnik
Bûdni Vecher – the South Slav Pagan Christmas. Part 2 – The Family Supper
Carnival in the Balkans
Dancing for the Dead – Joc/Hora de pomană; Banat, Oltenia (Romania, Serbia, & Bulgaria)
DRĂGAICA, SÂNZIENELE, revised
Fire-Walkers – Greece & Bulgaria
Henna Night – Kına Gecesi, a favorite of Turkish Brides
Koleda – the Bulgarian Christmas Horo
Koledari (Carolers) / Bûdni Vecher (Christmas Eve) – the South Slav Pagan Christmas, Part 3
Kolo event, 1914, described
Lazaruvané
New Year, Time
Panigyri, πανηγυρί – Greece
St George’s Day – Pan-Balkan
The Sacred Springs of Strandja
Wedding, Greek Macedonia, ca.1980
DANCE
1. Don’s Dance Shorthand
2. Dance Information
‘Ballroom’ Kolos – Serbia & Croatia
A Subjective History of Recreational (International) Folk Dancing in the USA -1
Bulgaria – Major Dance Types
Bulgaria-Regional Dance Styles
Bulgarian Dance Rhythms (Uneven)
Dances of Thessaly – Greece
Dick Crum on: Recreational Dancing ‘here’ vs Folk Dancing ‘there’ – updated again!
Gabriola Caravan Dancers Repertoire
Hungarian Folk Dance
Israel & Early Israeli Dance
ROMANI (Gypsy) MUSIC & DANCE
Romanian Dance Rhythms (Uneven)
Soviet Communism’s Contribution to World Culture – Igor Moiseyev
Steve Kotansky on “Authenticity”
Strigături, Romania
The First Folk Dancers
What is a ‘Folk’ dance?
Yemenite step
3. A “real” folk dance – what is it?
3b. – 1st GENERATION DANCES
Alunelul Batut – Romania
Anastenária – Greece
Bitlis’te Bes Minare – Turkish/Kurdish
Bregovsko Horo, Бреговско хоро – Bulgaria
Bučimiš, Бучимиш хоро – Bulgaria
Bulgar – Yiddish Music and Dance
Children’s Dances (1st Generation or Living?)
Alunelu(l), children’s song & dance – Romania
Damat Halyı – Turkey
Devojačko kolo/Девојачко коло – Serbian children’s dance
Ersko Kolo (Ja Brdom) – Serbia
Hopa cupa skoči (Zaplet) – Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia
Ja Posejah Lubenice – Serbia
Kastorianos – Greece
Körtánc (Várba Harangoznak) – Hungarian children’s dance
Penguin Dance & Bunny Hop – the World’s 68-year-old Dance Craze
Pljeskavac – children’s dance, Banat
Šareni Čorapi – Children’s song & dance in 9/8 – Macedonia
Savila se Bela Loza – Serbia
Šetnja, (Dodji, Mile or Prodje Mile) – Serbian Children’s Dance
Srpkinja – Serbian Children’s dance
Ciuleandra 1stG, Romania
Crmnički Oro – Montenegro
Djurdjevka Kolo – Đurđevka kolo- Ђурђевка Коло- Serbia
Džangurica – Bulgaria (Moreau, 1st G)
Floricică, 1stG – Romania, N.W. Bulgaria
Glamoč – Bosnia-Herzegovina
Hodoroaga – Romania
Jeni Jol, Yeni Yol, Rumelaj – North Macedonia, Turkey
Jove (Malaj Mome), Jovino Horo (Oro, Kolo) – Bulgaria, Serbia, Macedonia
Karsi Bar – Armenian
Kopanitsa – Bulgaria
Kostursko Oro ex-Macedonia
Ličko kolo – 1st G – Croatia
Mayia – Greece
Mihanikos, Sponge Diver Dance – Kalymnos
Minka – Bulgaria
Mom Bar – Armenia
Nestinarsko – Bulgaria
Odeno Oro (revised again)- North Macedonia
Odzemok – Slovakia
Opšaj diri – Croatia
Pljeskavac (Clap Kolo) – Banatean-American
Rustemul (1stG) – Romania
Sadi Moma, Сади Мома – Bulgaria – The Free Software Song
Schioapa (1stG) – Romania
Sirun Aghchik (Sweet Girl) UPDATE – Armenia
Starobosansko kolo – Bosnia-Herzegovina
Vranjanka, Teško (Šano dušo, Belo Lenče) – Serbia, Kosovo, N. Macedonia
Vrličko kolo – Croatia
Vulpiță, (Vulpiuță) 1st G – Oltenia, Romania
Yiddish Dances
Zagorisios/Valle Zagorishte – Zagori, Greece/Albania (revised)
Zetsko Oro – Montenegro
Zhok (Slow Hora) – Yidddish
3c. – 2nd GENERATION DANCES
Ajde Jano – Serbia
Ali Paşa – Turkey
Avre Tu Puerta Cerrada – Sephardic Jews
Bat Teiman – Israel
Bavno Oro- Macedonia
Belasičko oro – 'Macedonia'
Biserka Bojerka – Serbian ‘Ballroom’
Brâuletul – Romania
Brestaška râčenica – Bulgaria, revised again
Cherkessia Kfula
Ciganski Orijent – 2nd G Serbian
Cimpoi (2nd G) – Romania
Çobankat – Albania
Cuileandra – Romania
Dancing on Water – Jewish, but not Israeli Music and Dance
Daronee, Armenia
Drāgāicuta – Romania
Dramskoto – Bulgaria (Pirin), North Macedonia
Elmalarin Yongasi – Turkey
Erev Ba – Israel
Floricică Olteneasca – Romanian
Floricică, 6 examples – 2ndG – Romania
Gerakina – Greece
Gocečki čačak – 2ndG (Serbia/Bulgaria)
Hineh Ma Tov – Israel
Hora Agadati – 1st Israeli Dance
Hora Hadera – Israel
Hora Mare Bucovineana – Romania
Hora Medura – Israel
Hora Miresei (2ndG) – Romania
Hora nuntaşilor – Romania
Hora Veche – Romania
Horehronsky Čardáš – Slovakia; Another Update
Joc de Leagane, 2ndG – Romania
Jovano Jovanke – Macedonia
Kak U Kluchika (by a spring) – Russia
Karagoúna, 2nd G – Greece
Karamfil, Карамфил – Pirin
Katerino Mome/Ventsi's Arap – Pirin, Bulgaria
Kerem Eyle – “Turkish” Serbia
Kirmizi Biber – 'Turkey'
Körcsárdás – Hungary
Kriči Kriči Tiček – Croatia
Kuma Echa – Israel
La Masa Mare
Lakodalmi Tánc – Hungary
Legnala Dana – Macedonian music, but whose dance?
Lerikos (2nd G) – Greece
Likrat Shabat – Israel
Louky – Bohemia
Ma Navu – Israel
Mayim, Mayim – Palestine (Israel)
Misirlou – USA (Greek and Armenian)
Mom Bar (2nd G) – Armenia
Mori Čupi Kosturčanki – ex-Macedonia
Mori Shej, revised. – Hungarian Roma music, UK/USA choreography
Never on Sunday – USA (Greek)
Opa Čupa – Serbian Roma music, UK choreography
Orijent – Dick Crum’s arrangement of Serbian Romani motifs
Primavera en Salonico – Sephardic Greek music, Kotanksy choreography
Raca – Serbia
Rustemul (2ndG) – Romania
Sandansko Horo, Санданско – Pirin or Strandzha, Thrace? Bulgaria
Sapari, Bat Teiman – Israel
Sej Sej Bob – A Taproot râčenitsa
Shibolet Basadeh – Israel
Somogyi Karikázó – Hungary
Srbkinja – Serbia
Što Mi E Milo – Macedonia & Bulgria
Strumička Petorka
Sukačko Kolo, Sukačica – Croatia
Syrtaki, Zorba’s dance – Greece
Te Aven Baxtale – Romanian Roma
Tino Mori – Is It a Macedonian Dance?
Tzadik Katamar – Israel
Vulpiță, (Vulpiuță) 2nd G – Oltenia, Romania
Ya Abud – Israel
Yar Ko Parag – Armenia
Yaylalar – Turkey
Yugo, Jugo, Triple Hora – (???) Jewish
Zemer Atik, Nigun Atik – Israel
3a. – LIVING DANCES
Armenian Shuffle revised- USA/Armenian
Ballos – Greece
Bar, Par, Govend, Ververi, Mshu Kher – REVISED – Armenia
Bilati, Belati – Assyria
Brâu de întorsură – Romania
Brâul de la Făgăraș, Update – Romania
Čačak, Чачак – Serbia, Expanded
Cadâneasca – Romania
Çayda Çıra – Turkish Henna Night candle dance
Chichovo horo, Чичово хоро – Bulgaria
Čoček – Roma & Gadje – Macedonia, Turkey
Dabke, Debke – Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, Jordan – Revised and Expanded
Dajčovo Horo – Bulgaria, update
Damat Halayı – A Turkish Dance?
Delilo – Kurdistan
Devetorka (basic 9/8 dance) -Macedonia
Drmeš – Croatia
Džangurica – Bulgaria (Pirin)
Eleno Mome, Elenino Horo – Bulgaria
Floricică, the Genre, Song, and Living Dance – Romania
Freylekhs, Freilach, & Hora – Yiddish, Jewish
Gajda, Vallja e Gajdes, Γκάιντα, Гайда, Gayda, – Pan-Balkan
Gankino – One dance, Two rhythms
Gankino, Kopanitsa & more in 11/16 – Bulgaria
Geamparalele – Romania
Haj haj Bože daj, (Rukavice) UPDATE – Slavonia, Croatia,
Halay – West Asia/Eastern Anatolia
Hasapiko
Hasapiko, Vari or Argo – Greece, revised
Hasaposerviko – Greece
Hora – Jewish & Israeli Dance
Hora de mână, Hora de mînă, Hora Banateana, Hora din Banat, Joc din Banat – Romania. Staro Vlaško, Serbia
Hora Mare – Romania
Hora Miresei – Romania
Hora/Ora/Joc de pomană – Dancing for the Dead; Banat, Oltenia (Romania, Serbia, & Bulgaria)
Ikariotikos, ‘Kariotikos – Greece
Kalamatianó, Καλαματιανό/Syrtó, Συρτό – Greece
Karagoúna, Καραγκούνα – Greece (Thessaly)
Kleistos – Greece
Köçek, the original Čoček. Turkish male bellydance
KOLO, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia
Kritiko Syrto, Haniotiko – Crete
Lerikos (1st G) – Greece
Lesnoto is not a Macedonian dance
Maleševsko Oro – East Macedonians
Malo kolo, Мало коло – Serbia – update
Nijemo Kolo (Ličko Kolo) – Croatia, Bosnia, Montenegro
Niška Banja dance – Serbia
Opsa – Serbian/Croatian-American
Pajduško – Pan-Balkan
Papuri Փափուռի / Karsi Bar- Armenia, Kurdistan, Turkey
Perinita – Romanian version of a Pan-European Party/Wedding Dance
Pogonishte – Albania
Pogonissio – Greece
Pravo Horo – Bulgaria
Râčenica – Bulgaria
Romanian Wedding Dances, revised again
Rusulena, Ρουσούλενα / Kastorianos – Greece
Sa, Sa Sa, Op Sa, Niški sa,sa – Serbia
Samokovsko horo, Самоковско хоро (Biala Rosa, Gankino) – Bulgaria
Sârba – Romania
Šareni Čorapi – basic 9/8 dance
Șchioapa – Romania
Šestorka, Шесторка, Revised – Serbia
Sheikhani – Assyria (also Kurdish, Armenian)
Širto, ШИРТО, – Macedonian Bulgaria [Revised]
Sousta – Greece
Spoon (Kaşik) Dances – Turkey, Anatolia
Sta Tria – Greece
Stara Vlajna (Vlaško kolo) – Serbia
Syrtó, Συρτό – Greece
Tai Tai – Greece
Tanzara/Tamzara/Tenzere – Eastern Anatolian
Trakijska Râčenica Na Horo – Bulgaria
Trakijska râčenica na horo – Bulgaria – Revised again
Tsakónikos, Τσακώνικος and Tsakonia – Peloponnese, Greece
Tsamikos – Greece (Transformed!)
Ververi – Armenian Taproot dance
Vlaško kolo (Stara Vlajna) – Serbia
Zaplet (Hopa cupa skoči) – Serbia, Croatia,
Zeybek – Turkey
Zonaradiko/Koulouriasto – Greek Thrace [revised]
MUSIC
2. INSTRUMENTS
Balkan Bagpipes
Bulgarian music – Thrace
Dauli & Zurna – The Most Important Instruments in the World
Duduk -That haunting, soulful Armenian oboe
Fujara – Uniquely Slovak Instrument
Kemenche – Turkish viols
2a. CLAPPERS; Krotala, Kaşik (Spoons), Castanets, Zills.
2a. Five Romanian flutes
2a. Simple Wind Instruments
2a. Tanbur family
LYRICS – ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS
SUKAČICA – English lyrics
Ajde Jano lyrics
Ali Pasha or Arpa ektim biçemedim – English lyrics
Bavno Oro – English lyrics (Snošti sakav da ti dojdam)
Bitliste Bes Minare – English lyrics
Brestaška râčenica – English lyrics
Çayda Çıra – lyrics
Cobankat – English lyrics
Dajčovo Horo – Ruma Moma English Lyrics
Djurdjevka Kolo – English lyrics
Elmalarin Yongasi – English lyrics
Gerakina – English lyrics
Hora mare, Hora nuntaşilor – lyrics
Hora Medura – English lyrics
Joc de Leagane – English Lyrics
Kak U Klyuchika (By a Spring) – English lyrics
Kalamatiano – Mantili kalamatiano – Lyrics
Karagouna – English lyrics
Karamfil – English lyrics
Katerino Mome – English lyrics
Kerem Eyle – English lyrics
Kirmizi Biber – English lyrics
Körcsárdás lyrics – Réten Réten
Kostursko Oro (Bisero Kerko) lyrics
Kriči Kriči Tiček – English lyrics
Lakodalmi Tánc – English lyrics
Legnala Dana – English Lyrics
Lerikos – Eba Sto Karo
Louky – English lyrics
Minka – English lyrics
Misirlou – English lyrics
Mora Miresii – English lyrics
Mori Shej – English Lyrics
Niška Banja – English lyrics
Opa Čupa – English lyrics
Opšaj diri -English lyrics
Otvori mi belo Lenče (Vranjanka); the Story, the Song, the English lyrics – Serbia
Primavera en Salonico – English lyrics
Sa Sa, Opsa, – English lyrics, updated
Sadi Moma – English Lyrics
Šano dušo (Vranjanka) – English lyrics
Šestorka (Oj,lele, Stara planino) – lyrics
Šetnja (Dodji, Mile or Prodje, Mile) English lyrics
Shibolet Basadeh – English lyrics
Somogyi Karikázó – English lyrics
Somogyi Karikázó – English lyrics
Srpkinja – English lyrics
Te Aven Baxtale – English lyrics
Tino Mori – English lyrics
To Ta Hel’pa – Horehronsky Čardáš
Tsakónikos (Su ipa, mana) (Kinísan ta tsanópoula) – English lyrics
Valle Zagorishte – English lyrics
Yar Ko Parag – English Lyrics
LYRICS – ORIGINAL LANGUAGE
Koga ki odiš mome za voda and Rado le bela Rado – Two songs for Maleševsko oro
Réten Réten
Sapari, Bat Teiman lyrics
LYRICS – SINGABLE ENGLISH
Gerakina – Music & English lyrics
Horehronsky Cardas – Singable “To ta Hel’pa”
Kuma Echa – Singable English Lyrics
Lerikos – “Hop in the Car”
Pjevaj Mi Pjevaj (Ličko Kolo)
Pravo – Dimitro, Sino Dimitro
Samiotissa – Music & English lyrics
Singable English Lyrics – List of songs
Până când nu te iubeam, (Hora Veche) ca.1850 – Romania
SHEET MUSIC
Ajde Jano SM
Ali Pasha Sheet Music
Bavno Oro – Sheet Music
Belasičko oro – Sheet music
Bitliste Bes Minare – Sheet music
Brâul de la Făgăraș – Sheet music
Brestaška râčenica – Sheet Music
Bučimiš Sheet Music
Bufčansko Sheet Music
Çobankat Sheet Music
Daronee Sheet Music
Gerakina SM
Hora Mare (Dumbala Dumba) – Sheet Music
Hora Mare Bucovineana – Sheet Music
Hora Miresii – Sheet Music
Hora Veche – Sheet Music
Horehronsky Čardaš – Sheet Music
Ikariotikos – Sheet Music
Kalamatiano – Mantili kalamatiano – Sheet Music
Karamfil – Sheet music
Karsi Bar – Sheet Music
Katerino Mome Sheet Music
Kerem Eyle – Sheet Music
Körtánc (Várba Harangoznak) – Sheet Music
Kostursko Oro (Dodek Je Moma) Sheet Music
Kriči Kriči Tiček Sheet Music
La Masa Mare – Sheet Music
Legnala Dana – Sheet Music
Maleševsko oro – Sheet Music and Chords
Misirlou SM
Mom Bar – Sheet Music
Mori Shej – Sheet Music
Odeno Oro – Sheet Music
Opšaj diri – Sheet Music
Orient & Ciganski Orijent Sheet music
Perinita Sheet Music
Primavera en Salonico Sheet Music
Rustemul – Sheet Music
Sa, Sa-sa – Sheet music
Sadi Moma Sheet Music
Samiotissa SM
Sandansko – Sheet Music
Šano dušo (Vranjanka) – Sheet music
Šestorka (Oj, lele Stara planino) – Sheet Music
Šetnja Sheet Music
Šo Mi E Milo – Sheet Music
Somogyi Karikázó – Sheet Music
Tamzara – Sheet Music
Te Aven Baxtale – Sheet Music
Tino Mori – Sheet Music
Tsakónikos – Sheet music
Vulpiță – Sheet music
1. ABOUT – Music types, Songs, etc
Biala Rosa – Bulgaria
Bučimiš music videos
Bulgar – Yiddish music
Bulgarian vocal music
Čalgija – Macedonian music
Doina – Romanian Blues
Greek Music
Hasapiko music
Hava Nagila – Origin of
How are Balkan musicians paid?
Karagouna/Svarniara Music YouTubes- Greece
Klezmer – Ashkenazi (Yiddish) Music, Hassidism,
Misirlou – Origin of
Music-making in 1930’s Bulgarian Village
Niška Banja – Serbia
Rhythms – Unusual, non-Bulgarian
Što Mi E Milo – North Macedonia/Bulgaria – Revised again
Sukačica – Croatia
Tamburica, Tamburitsa, Tamburizza, Tambura, Tamburica Orchestra
Yar Ko Parag music
Čoček – the music
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